<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: Albania<nl>Economy</hdr><body>
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<item><hi format=bold>Overview:</hi> An extremely poor country by European standards, Albania is making the difficult transition to a more open-market economy. The economy rebounded in 1993 after a severe depression accompanying the collapse of the previous centrally planned system in 1990 and 1991. Stabilization policies, including public sector layoffs and reduced social services, have improved the government's fiscal situation and reduced inflation. The recovery was spurred by the remittances of some 5% of the population which works abroad, mostly in Greece and Italy. Foreign assistance and humanitarian aid also supported the recovery. Most agricultural land was privatized in 1992, substantially improving peasant incomes. Albania's limited industrial sector, now less than one-sixth of GDP, continued to decline in 1993. A sharp fall in chromium prices reduced hard currency receipts from the mining sector. Large segments of the population, especially those living in urban areas, continue to depend on humanitarian aid to meet basic food requirements. Unemployment remains a severe problem accounting for approximately one-fifth of the work force. Growth is expected to continue in 1994, but could falter if Albania becomes involved in the conflict in the former Yugoslavia, workers' remittances from Greece are reduced, or foreign assistance declines.
<item><hi format=bold>National product:</hi> GDP—purchasing power equivalent—$3.3 billion (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product real growth rate:</hi> 11% (1993)
<item><hi format=bold>National product per capita:</hi> $1,100 (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Agriculture:</hi> accounts for 55% of GDP; arable land per capita among lowest in Europe; 80% of arable land now in private hands; one-half of work force engaged in farming; produces wide range of temperate-zone crops and livestock
<item><hi format=bold>Illicit drugs:</hi> transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route; limited opium production
<item><hi format=bold>Economic aid:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>recipient:</hi> $190 million humanitarian aid; $94 million in loans/guarantees/credits